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SEISMIC DESIGN METHODOLOGY TO AVOID DAMAGE TO STRUCTURES, NONSTRUCTURAL COMPONENTS AND CONTENTS منبع دانلود از پیوست SEISMIC_DESIGN_METHODOLOGY_TO_AVOID.pdf

HAZUS Earthquake Loss Estimation Methods Charles A. Kircher1; Robert V. Whitman2; and William T. Holmes3 Abstract: This paper provides background and historical perspective on the development of the earthquake loss estimation methods of the HAZUS technology referred to as HAZUS Earthquake, describes the various modules of HAZUS Earthquake, and summarizes the key concepts of these methods. HAZUS Earthquake modules calculate seismic hazard, evaluate the likelihood of various states of damage to buildings, lifelines, and other components of the built environment, and estimate both direct and indirect losses resulting from this damage. The focus of this paper is on building-related methods. The paper also describes two recent improvements to the HAZUS Earthquake technology: 1 the Advanced Engineering Building Module AEBM and 2 use of ShakeMap ground motion data. The AEBM allows expert users to develop “building-specific” damage and loss functions. ShakeMap ground motion data HAZUS may be used to rapidly assess potential damage and loss immediately following an earthquake. The paper closes with a comparison of damage and loss estimated using ShakeMap data with actual damage and loss due to the 1994 Northridge earthquake. DOI: 10.1061/ASCE1527-698820067:245 CE Database subject headings: Earthquakes; Seismic effects; Damage; Estimation; Models. منبع دانلود از پیوست kircher2006.pdf

Damage of Road Bridges by 2011 Great East Japan (Tohoku) Earthquake K. Kawashima Tokyo Institute of Technology H. Matsuzaki Tohoku University منبع دانلود از پیوست WCEE2012_0683.pdf

Performance of industrial facilities and lifelines during the October 23rd, 2011 Van, Turkey Earthquake Kiarash Nasserasadi; Mehran Seyed Razzaghi Damage to essential facilities (e.g. lifelines and industrial facilities) due to extreme loads may cause remarkable indirect impact as well as direct physical loss. Hence understanding seismic performance of essential facilities is very important in high seismic risk regions. On October 23, 2011 an earthquake of magnitude Mw7.2 occurred in Van province in eastern Turkey. Several damages occurred at industrial plants. Damage to equipment and buildings caused work abandon in some industrial plants. In this paper the observed damage to essential facilities such as transportation systems, silos and gas stations are presented. منبع دانلود JSEG451443558600.pdf

Structural Damage Identification of Plate Structures based on Frequency Response Function and Natural Frequencies A Esfandiari In this paper, a structural damage identification method (SDIM) is developed for plate-like structures. This method is derived using dynamic equation of undamaged/damaged plate, in which local change in flexural rigidity is characterized utilizing a damage distribution function. The SDIM requires to modal data in the intact state and frequency response of damage state where most of vibration based damage identification techniques requires to modal data in both states. Change of mode shapes of damaged plate are approximated as a linear combination of mode shapes of intact plate and are considered in dynamic equation of damaged plate. Constant Coefficients of linear combination have been evaluated using perturbed equation of motion and the damage distribution function. Two strategies for making the inverse problem damage identification are introduced in connection with damage the present SDIM: (1) by using sensitivity of natural frequencies and (2) by using FRF-data, a sufficient number of equations can be derived to detect magnitude and location of damage. The feasibility of presented method is validated through some numerically simulated damage identification test taking into account random noise in FRF-data. منبع دانلود JSEG111329597000.pdf