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The Floor of Tabriz Streets Analysis (Case Study: Emam Avenue, Tabriz, Iran). Shafaat Gharamaleki T., Zebardast E. J. Civil Eng. Urban., 5(2): 63-68, 2015; pii:S225204301500012-5 Abstract The city is perfectly a living organism that has been changing. An urban space element of city that will be modified after it changed. The main street of the city is an urban space that in addition provides people's requirement, represents specific culture of city, too. The Imam Khomeini's street as a main street is responsible for this task, but yet it involves in space and physical disturbance. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the Imam Khomeini pavement to identifying problems and providing a solution to solve them. In first leg, we have studied library references to identify the issue and area and utilized field and observation research methods for exact recognize of area. At the end, according to our given information of theoretical foundation, analyze the location and along with recognizing strength and weakness points, present solution to solve an area's problems. We have achieved an important point of this analysis: placement fountain on the center of Saat square is a strength point that due to create more space confinement. One of the weaknesses points problems of pavements, and roadway’s floor can haven't been suitable face, and they are unusable by traffic, and the pavements are unsuitable for blind people. None of the pavement's elements are coordinated with an urban space's requirement. The pedestrian line should design for any kind of movement, but it made to only pass an act. Placement BRT station in this area cannot be accountable for passing traffic, although the placement trees' location is suitable, but due to placement of furniture caused disturbance. However, this area hasn't been specific placement for furniture, and ditch cannot be accountable for visual and performance requirements, too. Therefore, the weakness points can be a removable and improvement roadway, and pedestrian floor can improve the performance and beauty of the street, and also ordering floor's elements that can be accountable for visual and performance requirements. Keywords: Street, Physical Elements, Floor, Tabriz, Urban Space [Full text-PDF] J. Civil Eng. Urban., 5 (2) 63-68, 2015.pdf

Dynamic characteristics of monthly rainfall in Tabriz under climate change Original Article, C37 Jani R, Ghorbani M.A, Saghafian B, Shamsaei A, zahabion B. Journal. Civil Eng. Urban. 3(4):225-235. 2013 ABSTRACT:Among the factors creating the changes in climate include ever-increasing population, changes in land usage and the development of industrial activities. Thus, studying the effect of this phenomenon on hydrological processes, in particular rainfall is considered as one of the most important issues concerning water engineering. Chaos theory is a tool that can be implemented besides other methods in modeling nonlinear, complicated hydrological phenomena like rainfall, due to its wonderful capabilities. In this study, monthly rainfall in Tabriz has been studied through this theory under historical and climate change conditions. In so doing, the statistical period of 1971 to the year 2000 was considered as the historical period, and the results obtained from the model LARS-WG were also considered under two scenarios in three future periods. The results indicated that historical period data having the fractal dimension of (5.96) has good chaotic nature. In the case of scenario A2, the data of all three series had good chaotic nature as well. In scenario B1, random investigation in all three periods will be appropriate. Keywords: Climate Change, Rainfall, Chaotic Theory, Tabriz, Lars-WG Model. منبع: [Hidden Content] دانلود: [Hidden Content].,37-225-233.pdf J. Civil Eng. Urban.,37-225-233.pdf