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Empirical equations for the prediction of PGA and pseudo spectral accelerations using Iranian strong-motion data H. Zafarani & Lucia Luzi & Giovanni Lanzano & M. R. Soghrat Abstract A recently compiled, comprehensive, and good-quality strong-motion database of the Iranian earthquakes has been used to develop local empirical equations for the prediction of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and 5%-damped pseudospectral accelerations (PSA) up to 4.0 s. The equations account for style of faulting and four site classes and use the horizontal distance from the surface projection of the rupture plane as a distance measure. The model predicts the geometric mean of horizontal components and the vertical-to-horizontal ratio. A total of 1551 free-field acceleration time histories recorded at distances of up to 200 km from 200 shallow earthquakes (depth < 30 km) with moment magnitudes ranging from Mw 4.0 to 7.3 are used to perform regression analysis using the random effects algorithm of Abrahamson and Youngs (Bull Seism Soc Am 82:505–510, 1992), which considers between-events as well as within-events errors. Due to the limited data used in the development of previous Iranian ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) and strong trade-offs between different terms of GMPEs, it is likely that the previously determined models might have less precision on their coefficients in comparison to the current study. The richer database of the current study allows improving on prior works by considering additional variables that could not previously be adequately constrained. Here, a functional form used by Boore and Atkinson (Earthquake Spect 24:99– 138, 2008) and Bindi et al. (Bull Seism Soc Am 9:1899–1920, 2011) has been adopted that allows accounting for the saturation of ground motions at close distances. A regression has been also performed for the V/H in order to retrieve vertical components by scaling horizontal spectra. In order to take into account epistemic uncertainty, the new model can be used along with other appropriate GMPEs through a logic tree framework for seismic hazard assessment in Iran and Middle East region. Keywords Ground motion prediction equations . Strong motion . PSHA. V/H ratio . Iran جدیدترین رابطه کاهندگی ارائه شده برای فلات ایران توسط دکتر زعفرانی و همکاران (2017) منبع دانلود از پیوست Zafarani et al. (2017).pdf

Seismic Structural Failure Potentialities of Newly Constructed Buildings in Iran. Mohajerani P. J. Civil Eng. Urban., 5(5): 200-209, 2015; pii:S225204301500032-5 Abstract As Iran is located at high seismic risk region and future ground motions are predicated by seismologist, thus, A Case study was conducted to investigate the major seismic structural failure potentialities due to design and constructional flaws in two province of Iran, Tehran and Esfahan, the former with high seismic risk and the latter with an intermediate risk. More than forty buildings were inspected to find the four major failure potentialities in these two provinces. Two imperfections were found in steel structures and two in reinforced concrete buildings. Design and constructional imperfections in protected zone in steel structures and latticed column details are two main points threaten newly constructed steel structures. In reinforced concrete structures, stairway constructional flaws and wrong pipe passing constructional details are the two main defects covered in this study for this type of structures. This paper also presents solutions for each failure potentiality and recommends some constructional and design hints to increase the safety of structure and make them ready for future seismic excitations. Key words: Structural failure potentiality, Constructional imperfection, Earthquake, Risk mitigation, Steel structure, Reinforced concrete structures, Iran [Full text-PDF] منبع: [Hidden Content] J. Civil Eng. Urban., 5 (5) 200-209, 2015.pdf

A Comparative Study of the Rules and Regulations Dominating Urbanization in Iran and England. Khodaei D., Heidar Nejad K., Vojdani S., Kavoosi E., Khosravi M. J. Civil Eng. Urban., 5(3): 144-150, 2015; pii:S225204301500024-5 Abstract Being aware from the dominating rules and regulations in urbanization is considered as one of the prerequisites to achieve sustainable development. Both developed and developing countries have certainly gone through different urbanization and urban planning conditions in their developmental path. Of course due to different social, economic, cultural, political and other conditions in both of these countries, the dominating rules and regulations on urbanization also differs. The main aim of the present research paper is to do a comparative study on the dominating urbanization rules and regulations in both Iran as well as England. In this paper, England is assumed to be as a developed and leading country in urbanization and its related rules and regulations, while Iran is considered to be a developing country. Present research is applied in its objective and a descriptive-analytical one in its methodology and it's also of comparative type. The studied variables are as: concept of the city and the way it is defined in urban rules of Iran and England, the existence of different urban plans in Iran and England, the elements of urban planning and urbanization in Iran and England and management of law and policy making centers and institutions in urbanization and urban and regional planning in Iran and England. The results of the study signifies the fact that the dominating urbanization rules and regulations in Iran respect the ownership rights of the people in such a way that considers them as an absolute and irrevocable ones and even in some cases causes to the violation of the objectives and motives of setting urbanization rules while in the judiciary system of England, a balanced individual ownership right and social law is created through a proper prediction. Keywords: Urbanization Rules and Regulations, Comparative Study, Iran, England [Full text-PDF] منبع: [Hidden Content] J. Civil Eng. Urban., 5 (3) 144-150, 2015.pdf

Optimization of Energy Consumption in Buildings with Architectural Design Compatible with Environment and Climate Original Article, C58 Karkeh Abadi Z and Mesgarian H. Journal. Civil Eng. Urban. 3(6):392-397. 2013 ABSTRACT:Extremely valuable fossil fuels and huge national investment in the recovery of fuel costs highlight the need to improve the structure and patterns, energy efficiency necessary to use. Damaging effects of fossil fuels on the environment and the nature have created risks in the lives of citizens, especially in today's metropolises. Thus, considering the use of native and adaptive knowledge in today architecture is crucial. Therefore, the present paper aims to investigate the environmental and climate effects on sustainable construction and constrains with the environments in hot and dry regions and its effect on optimization of energy consumption in the green architecture compatible with nature in city Damghan. Accordingly, besides use of library resources, required information was collected through field and descriptive –analytical methods in order to different aspects of climate effects on architecture and building in the studied region were considered. The obtained result indicate that traditional architecture consistent with Damghan climate, is totally in accordance with sustainable architecture principles and besides saving energy consumption, has a complete compatibility with the environment. Keywords:Damghan, Energy Consumption, Environment, Iran, Sustainable Architecture منبع: [Hidden Content] دانلود: [Hidden Content].,58-392-397.pdf J. Civil Eng. Urban.,58-392-397.pdf