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Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Total Dissolved Solid in the Simineh River, Iran Original Article, D2 NematiS, Naghipour L and Fazeli Fard MH. Journal. Civil Eng. Urban. 4(1): 08-13. 2014 ABSTRACT:This research aims to model Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) values at the Simineh River in northwest Iran by application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to evaluate existing water quality conditions and also to predict future conditions in this river. The input parameters of the ANNs model are Calcium (Ca), Chloride (Cl), Magnesium (Mg), Sodium (Na), Bicarbonate (HCO3), Sulfate (SO4), and water discharge (Q) from 1993 to 2011. The performance of the ANNs model was assessed in accordance with Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and coefficient of determination (R2) between the measured and predicted values. The study also includes an estimation of the relative importance of these variables to determine appropriate input combinations. A method is used in this paper to calculate the relative importance of each input parameters, showing that magnesium and calcium concentrations are the most and least influential parameters, with approximate values of 18 and 12 %, respectively. The ANNs with different numbers of neurons in the hidden layer were constructed, and the model with 14 hidden neurons was selected as the best. Comparisons between the measured and predicted values show that the ANNs model could be successfully applied and provide high accuracy and reliability for water quality parameters forecasting. Keywords:Artificial Neural Networks, Total Dissolved Solid, Simineh River, Relative Importance, Water Quality منبع: [Hidden Content] دانلود: [Hidden Content].,14-02-08-13.pdf J. Civil Eng. Urban.,14-02-08-13.pdf

Physicochemical Assessment Of Groundwater Quality In Akure, Southwestern Nigeria Original Article, C5 Duvbiama Omolara Atarhe and Egbuna Chukwuemeka Kingsley. Journal. Civil Eng. Urban. 3(1): 25-28. 2013 ABSTRACT: This paper investigates the physicochemical properties of 36 hand-dug wells in the North-western part of Akure, Nigeria. 36 hand-dug wells were analysed for some physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, redox potential (Eh), total dissolved solids, Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO3, Cl, SO4, total alkalinity, total hardness and acidity. Results showed that all the wells except for wells 8 and 31 have their physicochemical parameters within the WHO guideline value. The high level of these physicochemical parameters in wells 8 and 31 could be attributed to geologic formation of these areas. Since most of the occupants of the area depend on these well water supplies for drinking and other domestic needs, it is recommended that any source of contamination should a minimum of thirty five meters away from any source of contamination. Keywords: Physicochemical parameter, well, water quality, WHO, Assessment منبع: [Hidden Content] دانلود: [Hidden Content],%203(1)%2025-28.pdf JCEU-2013-C5, 3(1) 25-28.pdf