Optimal placement of steel plate shear walls for steel frames by bat algorithm

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Optimal placement of steel plate shear walls for steel frames by bat algorithm
Saeed Gholizadeh1*,† and Amir Masoud Shahrezaei2
1Department of Civil Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2Department of Civil Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
SUMMARY
Layout optimization of steel frames with steel plate walls (SPWs) using a meta-heuristic search algorithm is
the main aim of the present study. SPWs are lateral load-resisting systems, especially against earthquake
excitation. These systems offer significant advantages in terms of cost, performance and ease of design compared
with other systems. In this study, orthotropic membrane model is used to model the behaviour of steel
plate shear walls. The newly developed bat algorithm, which is based on the echolocation behaviour of bats,
is employed as the present study optimizer. Design variables of the optimization problem consist of the
cross sections of beams and columns of the frame, the web plate thicknesses of SPWs and the placement
of SPW in the frame. The bat algorithm performs suitable selection of sections from the AISC
wide-flange (W) shapes list. Strength constraints of the American Institute of Steel Construction Load
and Resistance Factor Design and displacement constraints are checked during the optimization
process. The results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed method for optimization of steel frames
with SPWs. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Received 29 July 2013; Revised 16 October 2013; Accepted 13 December 2013

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